Glossary

Abrasion

The wearing away or removal of material from a surface through friction or rubbing action.

Abrasion-resistant

Resistant to wear, rubbing, or scraping caused by friction.

Acid etching

The process of treating a surface with acid to create texture, clean, or prepare it for coating or bonding.

Acid stain

A coloring technique that involves applying acid-based solutions to concrete surfaces to create variegated or mottled color effects.

Acid staining

A decorative technique involving the application of acid-based stains to concrete surfaces to create color variations and a mottled appearance.

Acid wash

A cleaning process that involves using acid to remove dirt, stains, or other contaminants from a surface.

Acid-resistant

Able to withstand the corrosive effects of acids without damage.

Acid-resistant coating

A coating or paint that exhibits resistance to damage or degradation caused by exposure to acids.

Acid-resistant flooring

Flooring materials or coatings that are resistant to the corrosive effects of acids.

Acid-resistant grout

A grout material that is resistant to deterioration or staining caused by exposure to acids or acidic substances.

Acid-resistant tile

Tiles or ceramic materials that are resistant to damage or corrosion caused by acids or acidic environments.

Adhesion

The bonding of two surfaces together.

Adhesion promoter

A substance applied to a surface to enhance the adhesion of a subsequent coating or adhesive.

Adhesive

A substance used to bind or join two or more surfaces together by adhesion.

Adhesive anchor

A fastener system that uses adhesive to bond an anchor bolt or rod to a substrate.

Adhesive bond strength

The measure of the force required to separate a bonded joint.

Adhesive failure

The separation or failure of a bonded joint at the adhesive interface, indicating insufficient adhesion between surfaces.

Admixtures

Substances added to concrete or other materials to modify their properties, such as setting time, workability, or strength.

Aggregate

Inert granular materials, such as sand, gravel, or crushed stone, used in concrete or as a decorative element.

Aggregate base

A layer of compacted aggregate material placed beneath a pavement or concrete slab to provide stability, drainage, and support.

Aggregate exposure

The degree to which the aggregate in a concrete surface is visible after grinding or polishing.

Aggregate gradation

The distribution of particle sizes within an aggregate mixture, often specified to achieve optimal compaction and strength in concrete.

Aggregate interlock

The mechanical interlocking between aggregate particles in concrete, providing added strength and stability.

Aggregate segregation

The separation of different-sized particles within an aggregate mixture, resulting in an uneven distribution.

Aggregate testing

The evaluation and analysis of aggregate samples to assess their quality, properties, and suitability for specific applications.

Air bubbles

Small pockets of air trapped within a material, such as epoxy or concrete, during mixing or application.

Air entrainment

The intentional introduction of microscopic air bubbles into concrete to improve its resistance to freeze-thaw cycles.

Air-entrained concrete

Concrete containing entrained air bubbles for increased durability in freeze-thaw conditions.

Airless spraying

A method of applying coatings or paints using high-pressure pumps to atomize the material and create a fine spray without the use of air.

Aliphatic

Aliphatic epoxy is a type of epoxy resin that is known for its excellent color retention and UV stability. Unlike aromatic epoxy, which tends to yellow and degrade when exposed to sunlight, aliphatic epoxy resins are designed to resist UV radiation and maintain their clarity and color over time. They are often used in applications where color stability and resistance to outdoor exposure are important, such as decorative coatings, garage floors, outdoor furniture, or automotive finishes. Aliphatic epoxy is a popular choice when a clear or colored epoxy coating is desired and long-term durability is required in exterior or UV-exposed environments.

Aliphatic polyurethane

A type of polyurethane coating or sealant that retains its color and clarity when exposed to sunlight.

Alkali

A soluble salt or substance with alkaline properties, often present in concrete, masonry, or soils.

Alkali resistance

The ability of a material or coating to resist damage or degradation caused by exposure to alkalis or alkaline environments.

Alkali-resistant

Able to withstand the corrosive effects of alkalis without damage.

Alkali-silica reaction

A chemical reaction between alkalis in concrete and reactive forms of silica in aggregate, resulting in expansion and cracking over time.

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Alkali-silica reaction (ASR)

A chemical reaction between alkalis in concrete and certain reactive forms of silica in aggregate, resulting in expansion and cracking.

Amine

An amine refers to a class of organic compounds that are commonly used as curing agents or hardeners for epoxy resins. When an epoxy resin is mixed with an amine curing agent, a chemical reaction known as epoxy curing or cross-linking takes place. This reaction results in the transformation of the liquid epoxy resin into a solid, durable, and thermosetting material.

Amines act as catalysts in this curing process by initiating the polymerization reaction between the epoxy resin and the amine molecules. The amine curing agent typically contains reactive amino groups, which react with the epoxy functional groups in the resin through a chemical reaction called an amine-epoxy reaction. This reaction forms strong covalent bonds, creating a three-dimensional network of interconnected polymer chains.

Amines used as epoxy curing agents can vary in structure and functionality, providing different curing characteristics, pot life (working time), cure time, and final properties to the epoxy system. Some common types of amines used in epoxy formulations include aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, aromatic amines, and polyamines. The choice of amine curing agent depends on the desired curing properties and the specific application requirements of the epoxy system.

Amine blush

A waxy or greasy film that can develop on the surface of cured epoxy due to the reaction between epoxy and moisture or amine compounds.

Anti-cracking membrane

A flexible membrane used to prevent or minimize cracking in concrete by absorbing or distributing stresses.

Anti-fracture membrane

A membrane installed between a substrate and tile or flooring material to prevent cracks from transferring to the surface.

Anti-graffiti coating

A protective coating or film applied to surfaces to facilitate the easy removal of graffiti or unwanted markings.

Anti-slip

Having a surface texture or treatment that reduces the risk of slipping.

Anti-static

Designed to prevent or reduce the buildup or discharge of static electricity.

Anti-static flooring

Flooring materials or coatings that dissipate static electricity to minimize the risk of electrostatic discharge.

Anti-static properties

The ability of a material or coating to dissipate or prevent the buildup of static electricity, reducing the risk of electrical discharge.

Architectural concrete

Concrete that is specifically designed and treated to achieve aesthetic qualities, such as color, texture, or pattern.

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Back rolling

The technique of using a roller to ensure proper adhesion, smoothness, and uniform coverage of a coating after it has been applied by squeegee, spray, or brush.

Backer rod

A flexible, cylindrical foam material used to fill and seal joints or gaps before applying sealants.

Backrolling

The process of rolling over a freshly applied coating to improve adhesion and smooth out any irregularities.

Bacteria-resistant

Resistant to the growth or colonization of bacteria, often achieved through the use of antimicrobial additives or coatings.

Barrier coat

A coating or layer applied to a substrate to create a barrier that inhibits the migration of moisture, gases, or contaminants.

Base coat

The initial or underlying layer of coating applied to a surface, serving as a foundation for subsequent coats or finishes.

Biaxial orientation

The stretching or alignment of molecules in a material in two perpendicular directions, often achieved through a manufacturing process like stretching or heat treatment.

Bitumen primer

A primer based on bitumen used to enhance adhesion between surfaces and bituminous coatings or adhesives.

Blistering

The formation of raised bubbles or blisters on the surface of a coating or material, often caused by trapped moisture or air.

Bond breaker

A material applied to prevent the bonding of adjacent surfaces. For concrete an example is tape, or release agent used in construction joints. For epoxy and resinous materials common bond breakers are oil, grease, road tars, dirt, and silica dust.

Bond strength

The measure of the force required to break the bond between two adhered surfaces.

Bonding agent

A substance applied to enhance the bond between a substrate and a subsequent material, such as concrete or coatings.

Bonding primer

A primer designed to promote adhesion between a substrate and a subsequent coating or adhesive.

Breathability

The ability of a material or coating to allow the passage of moisture vapor or air, enabling moisture to escape from the substrate.

Brushing

The method of applying a coating or paint using a brush to create an even and uniform film on a surface.

Building envelope

The exterior surfaces, materials, and systems that enclose a building, including walls, roofs, windows, and doors.

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Calcium chloride test

A test method used to measure the moisture vapor emission rate of a concrete slab.

Carbonation

The reaction of carbon dioxide with the calcium hydroxide in concrete, leading to the reduction of alkalinity and potential corrosion of embedded steel.

Castable epoxy

A type of epoxy resin that can be poured or cast into molds to create solid objects or components.

Casting

The process of pouring a liquid material, such as concrete, resin, or metal, into a mold or form to create a solid object or component.

Casting resin

A liquid resin system used for casting objects or creating molds.

Cast-in-place

Construction method where concrete is poured and cured in its final location, as opposed to precast elements that are manufactured elsewhere.

Cast-in-place concrete

Concrete that is poured and molded on-site, as opposed to precast concrete elements that are manufactured elsewhere and transported to the site.

Caulk

A flexible sealant used to fill gaps, joints, or cracks, often made of silicone, latex, or polyurethane compounds.

Caulking

The process of sealing joints or gaps with a flexible material to prevent the passage of air, water, or other substances.

Cementitious

Referring to materials or compounds containing cement, often used in the context of concrete or mortar.

Chemical resistance

The ability of a material or coating to withstand exposure to various chemicals without significant damage or degradation.

Clear coat

A transparent or translucent protective coating applied over a base coat or substrate to enhance durability, gloss, or aesthetics.

Coating thickness

The measured thickness of a coating film, often specified in mils or microns.

Coefficient of friction

A measure of the resistance to sliding or skidding between two surfaces in contact with each other, often used to evaluate slip resistance.

Cohesion

The internal bonding or sticking together of particles or molecules within a material, contributing to its strength and integrity.

Cold-applied

Referring to materials or products that can be applied at or near ambient temperatures without the need for heating or additional equipment.

Colorfastness

The ability of a material or coating to retain its original color and resist fading or color change over time or when exposed to light, heat, or other environmental factors.

Concrete Adhesive Sprayer

A specialized sprayer for applying adhesive to secure concrete overlays or coatings.

Concrete admixture

A substance added to concrete during mixing to modify its properties, such as setting time, workability, strength, or durability.

Concrete Broom

Used to create a broom finish on concrete surfaces for better traction.

Concrete coating

A protective or decorative coating applied to the surface of concrete to enhance its appearance, performance, or resistance to staining, abrasion, or chemical attack.

Concrete Core Drill

A drilling machine designed to create precise holes in concrete for plumbing, electrical, or anchoring purposes.

Concrete Curing Blanket

Insulated blankets used to cover freshly poured concrete to maintain proper curing temperature and moisture.

Concrete Dye or Stain Applicator

Brushes or sprayers specifically designed for applying concrete dyes or stains to achieve desired colors or effects.

Concrete Finishing Broom

A wide broom used for creating a textured or broom finish on concrete surfaces.

Concrete Float

A large, flat tool used to smooth and level wet concrete surfaces.

Concrete Formwork

Temporary structures or molds used to shape and contain wet concrete during pouring and curing.

Concrete Grinder

Used to smooth and level uneven concrete surfaces or remove existing coatings.

Concrete Grooving Machine

Equipment used to create grooves or channels in concrete surfaces for improved traction or drainage.

Concrete Groover

Used to create control joints or decorative patterns in concrete.

Concrete Mixer

A machine used to mix large quantities of concrete or mortar efficiently.

Concrete Moisture Barrier

A roll or sheet material applied to prevent moisture from penetrating the concrete substrate.

Concrete Moisture Barrier Roller

A tool with a smooth roller used to apply moisture barriers or epoxy coatings evenly.

Concrete Patching Tools

Various tools, such as trowels or putty knives, used for repairing cracks, holes, or damaged concrete areas.

Concrete Planer

A power tool equipped with rotating blades used for removing thick coatings, leveling uneven surfaces, or preparing concrete for new applications.

Concrete Power Trowel

A motorized tool used for finishing large concrete surfaces, providing a smooth and polished appearance.

Concrete Pump

A machine used to transport and pour concrete in large-scale projects or in hard-to-reach areas.

Concrete Pump Sprayer

A combination of a concrete pump and sprayer, commonly used for applying concrete or shotcrete in construction projects.

Concrete Reinforcement Tools

Such as rebar cutters, benders, or tying tools, used for preparing and installing reinforcement in concrete structures.

Concrete repair

The process of restoring, patching, or rehabilitating damaged or deteriorated concrete structures or surfaces.

Concrete Resurfacing Machine

Machinery used for applying thin overlays or coatings to rejuvenate worn or damaged concrete surfaces.

Concrete Saw

Used for cutting through hardened concrete or creating control joints.

Concrete Screed

A long, straight board used to level and smooth wet concrete.

Concrete Screed Rails

Metal or wooden rails used to guide the concrete screed for leveling and smoothing wet concrete.

Concrete sealer

A protective coating applied to the surface of concrete to prevent moisture penetration, staining, or damage from chemicals or contaminants.

Concrete Sealer Applicator

A brush or sprayer used to apply concrete sealer for protection and enhancement.

Concrete Slump Cone

A tool used to measure the consistency or workability of fresh concrete.

Concrete Spreader

A specialized tool for spreading and leveling concrete overlays or toppings.

Concrete stain

A coloring product or solution applied to concrete to alter or enhance its color, creating a decorative or variegated appearance.

Concrete Stamp Mats

Rubber or polyurethane mats with various patterns used to imprint designs or textures on freshly poured concrete.

Concrete Surface Grinder

A heavy-duty grinding machine used for removing surface imperfections, coatings, or adhesives from cured concrete.

Concrete Test Kit

Various testing equipment, such as moisture meters or pH test kits, used to assess concrete conditions before application.

Concrete Texture Rollers

Used to create textured patterns or designs on fresh concrete surfaces.

Contraction joint

A deliberately created joint or groove in concrete to accommodate shrinkage, thermal movement, or prevent uncontrolled cracking.

Corrosion resistance

The ability of a material or coating to resist corrosion or degradation caused by chemical reactions with the environment or exposure to corrosive substances.

Crack bridging

The ability of a coating or material to span or bridge over cracks in a substrate without cracking or debonding.

The ability of a coating or membrane to span and accommodate movement in a crack without cracking or delaminating.

Crack Chaser

A diamond-tipped tool used to widen and clean out cracks in concrete before repair.

Crack chasing

The process of widening and cleaning out cracks in concrete before filling or repairing them.

Crack filler

A material used to fill and repair cracks in concrete, typically a flexible sealant or epoxy-based product.

Crack Injection Tools

Including injection ports, dispensing guns, and cartridges, used for injecting epoxy or polyurethane into cracks for repair and reinforcement.

Crack repair epoxy

An epoxy resin system specifically designed for repairing and filling cracks in concrete surfaces.

Cracking

The development of fissures, fractures, or breaks in a material or coating, often caused by stress, movement, or environmental factors.

Crazing

The formation of fine, interconnected cracks on the surface of a material, often seen in aging or brittle coatings, glazes, or concrete.

The network of fine cracks that can develop on the surface of cured concrete, often due to shrinkage or drying.

Crazing resistance

The ability of a material, such as an epoxy or coating, to resist the development of fine cracks or crazing.

Curing

The process of allowing a material, such as concrete or coatings, to undergo chemical reactions or physical changes to achieve its desired properties or hardness.

The process of allowing a material, such as concrete or epoxy, to harden and develop its desired properties over time.

Curing compound

A liquid membrane applied to the surface of freshly placed concrete to retain moisture and promote proper curing.

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Damp proof membrane

A moisture-resistant barrier installed below concrete slabs or floors to prevent moisture migration from the ground.

Damp proofing

The application of materials or systems to prevent the passage of moisture through a substrate, usually in below-grade or moisture-prone areas.

The application of materials or techniques to prevent the passage of moisture through a structure or substrate.

Decorative aggregate

Colored or uniquely shaped aggregate used to create decorative effects in concrete or epoxy surfaces.

Decorative concrete

Concrete that has been treated, colored, or textured to enhance its aesthetic appeal.

Concrete that is specially treated, textured, or colored to enhance its visual appearance, often used in architectural or aesthetic applications.

Decorative epoxy flooring

Epoxy flooring systems that incorporate decorative elements such as flakes, pigments, or patterns.

Decorative flakes

Colorful or metallic flakes that are broadcast onto wet epoxy or resin surfaces to create decorative effects.

Decorative flooring

Flooring systems designed to enhance the aesthetic appeal of a space through color, texture, or patterns.

Decorative quartz

Quartz particles used as a decorative element in epoxy flooring systems to create a textured or terrazzo-like appearance.

Degreaser

A cleaning agent or solvent used to remove grease, oil, or contaminants from surfaces before coating, painting, or bonding.

A cleaning agent or solvent used to remove grease, oil, or other contaminants from surfaces before coating or bonding.

Delamination

The separation or detachment of layers or coatings from a substrate, often caused by poor adhesion, moisture, or other factors.

Densifier

A chemical treatment applied to concrete to increase its density, hardness, and resistance to wear and dusting.

A chemical treatment applied to concrete to increase its surface hardness, density, and resistance to abrasion and dusting.

Diamond grinding

The use of diamond abrasive tools to mechanically grind and polish concrete surfaces.

Dispersion

The uniform distribution of particles or components within a liquid or solid matrix, often achieved through mixing or blending.

Drip edge

A metal or plastic strip installed along the edge of a roof or surface to direct water away from the underlying structure.

Dry film thickness

The thickness of a coating or paint film after it has dried or cured, often measured in mils or microns.

Dry time

The period required for a material or coating to dry or cure to a specified level of hardness, tack-free state, or readiness for subsequent applications or use.

Drying agent

A substance added to a coating or paint to accelerate its drying or curing time, often by promoting solvent evaporation or cross-linking reactions.

Ductile iron pipe lining

The application of epoxy or polymer coatings to the interior surface of ductile iron pipes for corrosion protection.

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Edger

Used to create smooth, rounded edges on concrete slabs or steps.

Efflorescence

The white powdery deposit that forms on the surface of concrete or masonry due to the migration of soluble salts.

Efflorescence remover

A chemical cleaner or treatment used to remove efflorescence from concrete or masonry surfaces.

Efflorescence-resistant

Resistant to the formation or migration of efflorescence, a white powdery deposit that forms on the surface of concrete or masonry due to the presence of soluble salts.

Egress window

A window designed to serve as an emergency exit from a building or basement in case of fire or other emergencies.

Elastomeric

Referring to materials or coatings that exhibit elasticity, flexibility, and the ability to stretch and recover their shape without permanent deformation or damage.

Epoxy filler

A two-component epoxy-based product used to fill and repair cracks, voids, or imperfections in various substrates.

Epoxy grout

A two-part epoxy-based grout that offers superior stain resistance, durability, and color consistency compared to cementitious grout.

Epoxy grout float

A specialized tool used for applying and smoothing epoxy grout into tile joints during installation.

Epoxy injection

A repair technique that involves injecting epoxy resin into cracks in concrete to restore its structural integrity.

Epoxy injection ports

Small plastic or metal devices installed along cracks in concrete to facilitate the injection of epoxy for repair.

Epoxy mortar

A mortar mixture consisting of epoxy resin and selected aggregates, used for patching, repairing, or bonding concrete surfaces.

Epoxy primer

A low-viscosity epoxy coating applied to a substrate before the application of subsequent layers to enhance adhesion and substrate sealing.

Epoxy-based

Referring to materials or products that are primarily composed of epoxy resin.

Erosion resistance

The ability of a material to withstand the erosive effects of water, wind, or other environmental factors.

ESD (electrostatic discharge)

The sudden flow of electricity between two electrically charged objects, potentially damaging electronic components.

Exothermic reaction

A chemical reaction that releases heat to its surroundings during the curing or hardening process.

Expansion coefficient

A measure of the expansion or contraction of a material in response to changes in temperature.

Expansion joint

A joint designed to allow for the expansion and contraction of adjacent materials due to temperature variations.

Exterior coating

A protective coating or paint designed for application on exterior surfaces exposed to weathering and environmental conditions.

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Feather edge

A thin, tapered edge created when applying a thin layer of material to transition smoothly with the surrounding surface.

Feathered edge

Similar to a feather edge, it refers to a smooth transition from a thicker to a thinner coating or material edge.

Fiber reinforcement

The incorporation of fibers, such as fiberglass or steel, into concrete or other materials to enhance strength and control cracking.

Fiberglass mat

A thin sheet of woven or non-woven fiberglass used as reinforcement in composites, laminates, or repairs.

Fiberglass reinforcement

Strands or fabrics made of glass fibers used to reinforce composite materials or coatings.

Finishing broom

A specialized broom with coarse bristles used to create a textured surface finish on fresh concrete.

Finishing trowel

A flat, rectangular tool with a handle used for smoothing and leveling the surface of freshly placed concrete.

Flash point

The lowest temperature at which a substance can emit vapor in sufficient quantity to ignite in the presence of an ignition source.

Flexibility

The ability of a material or coating to bend, stretch, or deform without cracking or breaking.

Flexural strength

The measure of a material's ability to resist deformation under bending or flexing loads.

Floor leveling compound

A self-leveling compound used to correct or level uneven or irregular concrete or subfloor surfaces.

Flow coating

The process of applying a liquid coating in a continuous flow, allowing it to self-level and form a smooth, even film.

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Gel coat

A specialized coating or resin applied to the surface of fiberglass or composite materials to provide a protective and aesthetic layer.

Gel time

The time it takes for a resin or adhesive to reach a gel-like consistency after mixing the components.

Gloss finish

A smooth and reflective surface appearance achieved by using high-gloss coatings or polishing techniques.

Gloss meter

A device used to measure and quantify the gloss or shininess of a surface.

Grind and seal

The process of mechanically grinding a concrete surface and applying a clear sealer or coating to enhance its appearance and protect it.

Groover

Used to create control joints or decorative patterns in concrete.

Grout sealer

A protective sealant applied to grout lines to prevent staining, water penetration, or the growth of mold and mildew.

Grouting

The process of filling joints or gaps between tiles, stones, or other materials with grout to create a uniform and sealed surface.

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Hard trowel finish

A smooth and dense surface finish achieved by using a power trowel on freshly placed concrete.

Hardeners

Substances added to epoxy resins to accelerate or control their curing or hardening process.

Hardeners accelerator

A specific type of hardener designed to speed up the curing process of epoxy or other reactive resins.

Hardness

The resistance of a material to indentation or scratching.

Heat resistance

The ability of a material or coating to withstand high temperatures without significant degradation or damage.

High build

Referring to coatings or materials that can be applied in thick layers without sagging or running.

High build epoxy

An epoxy coating or system that can be applied at a relatively high thickness for enhanced protection and durability.

High gloss epoxy

An epoxy coating or finish that creates a highly reflective and glossy surface appearance.

High-performance flooring

Flooring systems designed to meet demanding performance requirements, such as high durability, chemical resistance, or impact resistance.

Honeycombing

Incomplete filling or compaction of concrete during placement, resulting in voids or air pockets within the structure.

Hot-applied sealant

A sealant material, often based on bitumen or rubber, that is heated and applied in a liquid state to fill and seal joints or cracks.

Hot-applied thermoplastic

A type of road marking or pavement material that is heated and applied in a molten state before solidifying.

Hot-mix asphalt

Asphalt mixtures produced at elevated temperatures and typically used for road paving and resurfacing.

Hydration

The chemical reaction between water and cementitious materials in concrete, resulting in the hardening or curing process.

Hydration heat

The heat generated during the exothermic reaction between cement and water in concrete.

Hydration process

The series of chemical reactions and physical changes that occur as cementitious materials cure and harden in the presence of water.

Hydrostatic pressure

The pressure exerted by a fluid, such as water, due to its weight or confinement.

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Impact resistance

The ability of a material or coating to withstand sudden blows, impacts, or high-velocity projectiles without significant damage.

Impedance

The measure of the opposition to the flow of electrical current in a circuit or material.

Impregnating sealer

A penetrating sealer that absorbs into porous materials, such as concrete or stone, to provide protection against stains and moisture.

Impregnation

The process of saturating or filling the pores or voids in a material with a liquid or resin for added strength, durability, or protection.

Inhibitor

A substance added to a formulation to slow down or prevent a specific chemical reaction or degradation process.

Inorganic

Referring to substances or materials that are derived from minerals or do not contain carbon.

Inorganic pigment

Pigments made from mineral compounds used to add color to coatings, paints, or concrete.

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Joint compound

A putty-like material used to fill and smooth joints or seams between drywall panels or other building materials.

Joint filler

A flexible material used to fill and seal joints in concrete to accommodate movement, prevent water infiltration, or reduce noise transmission.

Joint Filler Applicator

Used to apply joint fillers or sealants in control joints or expansion joints.

Joint filler strip

A preformed strip or roll of flexible material, such as foam or rubber, used to fill and seal joints in concrete or other surfaces.

Joint sand

Sand or fine aggregate used to fill the gaps between pavers, bricks, or other masonry units in jointed pavement or hardscapes.

Joint sealer

A sealant material applied to joints or gaps to prevent the passage of water, air, or other substances.

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Laminate flooring

A synthetic flooring material composed of multiple layers, typically including a decorative surface layer and a durable wear layer.

Lap shear strength

The shear strength of an adhesive or bonded joint, measured by applying a shearing force parallel to the plane of the joint.

Latex-modified concrete

Concrete that incorporates a latex polymer additive to improve workability, adhesion, and flexibility.

Leveling compound

A self-leveling compound used to smooth and level uneven or irregular subfloor surfaces before the installation of flooring materials.

Liquid-applied membrane

A liquid coating or system applied to a surface that cures to form a waterproof or protective membrane.

Liquid-applied roofing

Roofing systems that involve the application of liquid materials, such as coatings or membranes, to create a watertight barrier.

Low viscosity

Referring to liquids or coatings that have a low resistance to flow and are relatively thin or runny.

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Matting agent

An additive used to reduce or eliminate the gloss or shine of a coating, creating a matte or satin finish.

Measuring Tools

Such as measuring cups or graduated containers, used for accurate measurement of epoxy resin and hardener ratios.

Methyl methacrylate (MMA)

A reactive resin commonly used in high-performance coatings, adhesives, or as a repair material.

Microcracking

Fine cracks or fissures that develop within a material, such as concrete or coatings, due to internal stresses or movements.

Microtopping

A thin layer of polymer-modified material applied over existing concrete to create a new, decorative, and durable surface.

Mixing Container

A sturdy container or bucket used for mixing epoxy resin or concrete materials.

Mixing Paddle

Used to mix epoxy resin or concrete materials thoroughly.

Mixing ratio

The proportion of different components, such as resins and hardeners, required to properly mix a material or formulation.

Moisture barrier

A material or system designed to prevent the passage of moisture vapor through a substrate or building envelope.

Moisture Barrier Tape

Used to seal joints and seams in moisture barriers to prevent moisture migration.

Moisture meter

A device used to measure the moisture content of materials, such as wood, concrete, or flooring, to assess their suitability for certain applications.

Moisture vapor transmission

The movement of water vapor through a material or substrate, typically measured in grams per square meter over a specified time.

Mortar

A mixture of cement, sand, and water used as a bonding agent or adhesive for masonry, tile installation, or other construction applications.

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Non-abrasive cleaner

A cleaning product or agent that is gentle and does not contain abrasive particles that can scratch or damage surfaces.

Non-sag

Referring to coatings or materials that do not sag or slump when applied vertically or overhead.

Non-skid

Referring to surfaces or coatings that provide traction or resistance against slipping or skidding.

Non-skid additive

Particles or aggregates added to coatings, sealers, or paints to improve traction and create a non-skid or anti-slip surface.

Non-yellowing

Referring to materials or coatings that are resistant to yellowing or discoloration when exposed to UV light or aging.

Notched Trowel

Specifically designed for spreading adhesive or leveling compounds on concrete surfaces.

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Opacity

The degree to which a material or coating obscures or blocks the transmission of light.

Open time

The duration during which a material or adhesive remains workable or allows for bonding before it starts to cure or harden.

Orange peel

A surface texture or appearance resembling the texture of an orange peel, typically seen in certain coatings or painted surfaces.

Overcoating

The process of applying a new coat or layer over an existing coating or substrate to provide additional protection or aesthetics.

Overhead application

Referring to the application of coatings or materials on surfaces above ground level, such as ceilings or overhead structures.

Overhead spraying

The method of applying coatings or materials using spraying equipment on overhead or elevated surfaces.

Overlay

A layer of new material applied over an existing surface to improve its appearance, durability, or performance.

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Peel strength

The force required to separate two bonded surfaces in a peeling or stripping motion.

Penetrating sealer

A sealer that penetrates into the pores of a substrate, such as concrete or stone, to provide protection against moisture, staining, or chemical attack.

Penetration test

A test method to assess the hardness or resistance of a material, such as concrete, by measuring the depth of penetration of a specified indenter.

Permeability

The property of a material that allows the passage of fluids, gases, or vapor through its pores or structure.

Pervious concrete

A porous type of concrete that allows water to pass through, promoting infiltration and reducing stormwater runoff.

Pigment

Finely ground particles or powders added to coatings, paints, or materials to provide color or opacity.

Pinholes

Small voids or air bubbles that appear as tiny holes on the surface of a coating or material.

Pinning

The act of inserting nails or pins into a coating or material to hold it in place during curing or drying.

Pipe penetration

The passage of pipes or conduits through a barrier or structure, requiring sealing or waterproofing to prevent water or air leakage.

Polished concrete

A process of mechanically grinding, honing, and polishing a concrete surface to achieve a smooth and reflective finish.

Polyaspartic

A type of polyurethane coating or topcoat known for its fast curing time, high abrasion resistance, and UV stability.

Polyaspartic coating

A coating system based on polyaspartic technology, offering rapid curing, durability, and chemical resistance.

Polymer concrete

A type of concrete that incorporates polymers, such as epoxy or polyester resins, to improve its strength, durability, or chemical resistance.

Polymeric

Referring to materials or substances composed of polymers, which are large molecules made up of repeating subunits.

Polymer-modified mortar

A mortar mixture that includes polymer additives to enhance its properties, such as adhesion, flexibility, or resistance to cracking.

Pot life

The period of time during which a mixed material, such as a two-component epoxy, remains workable or usable after mixing.

Potable water coating

A coating or lining system approved for contact with potable (drinkable) water, typically used in tanks, pipes, or water storage facilities.

Potting compound

A resin-based material used to encapsulate or protect electronic components or devices in an enclosed space or potting box.

Pressure Washer

Used to clean concrete surfaces before application by removing dirt, grease, or loose materials.

Puddling

The process of spreading and leveling a liquid coating or material by pouring or rolling it onto a surface.

Putty Knife

Used for scraping off excess epoxy or concrete materials.

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Quick-curing epoxy

An epoxy resin system designed to cure or harden rapidly, reducing the waiting or drying time required.

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Radiant floor heating

A system that uses heated pipes or electrically heated elements embedded in the floor to provide heating to indoor spaces.

Rapid-set

Referring to materials or systems that cure or harden quickly, allowing for faster completion of projects or applications.

Rebar

Reinforcement bars made of steel or other materials used to strengthen and reinforce concrete structures or elements.

Rebar spacing

The distance between parallel rebar or reinforcement bars in concrete, determined by design requirements and structural considerations.

Reflectance

The ability of a surface or material to reflect light or other electromagnetic radiation.

Reflective coating

A coating or paint that has high reflectivity, often used to increase visibility or reduce heat absorption on surfaces.

Reflective roof coating

A specialized coating applied to roofs to reflect sunlight, reduce heat absorption, and improve energy efficiency.

Repair compound

A material used for patching, repairing, or filling voids, cracks, or damaged areas in various substrates or surfaces.

Repair mortar

A mortar mixture specifically formulated for repairing, resurfacing, or restoring damaged concrete or masonry structures.

Resin

A solid or semi-solid organic substance that is typically transparent or translucent and often used as a binder in coatings or adhesives.

Resinous flooring

Flooring systems based on epoxy or other resin materials, known for their durability, chemical resistance, and aesthetic options.

Roller

Used to apply epoxy coatings or to remove air bubbles from the surface.

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Sand broadcast

The process of applying sand or aggregate to a freshly applied coating or resin to create a textured or non-slip surface.

Sanding

The process of smoothing or refining a surface by rubbing it with sandpaper or abrasive materials.

Scarifying

The mechanical process of removing or roughening a surface, often by using a machine with rotating cutters or blades.

Seal coat

A thin layer of protective material, such as a sealant or coating, applied to a surface to improve its durability or appearance.

Sealant joint

A sealed joint or gap between two surfaces, typically filled with a flexible sealant or caulking material.

Sealing compound

A material used to fill and seal gaps, joints, or cracks to prevent the passage of air, water, or other substances.

Self-consolidating concrete

A highly flowable type of concrete that does not require mechanical vibration for proper compaction.

Self-healing properties

The ability of a material or coating to repair or regenerate small cracks or damage through natural processes.

Self-leveling

Referring to materials or coatings that have the ability to flow and level themselves to create a smooth, even surface without additional tools or manipulation.

Shot Blaster

Equipment that propels abrasive materials onto concrete surfaces to remove coatings, prepare surfaces for new applications, or create a textured finish.

Shot blasting

The process of propelling small metal or abrasive particles at a high speed onto a surface to clean, roughen, or prepare it for coating or bonding.

Shrinkage

The reduction in size or volume of a material or coating due to drying, curing, or cooling.

Shrinkage cracking

Cracks that occur in a material, such as concrete or coatings, due to the shrinkage or contraction of the material as it cures or dries.

Silica dust

Fine particles of crystalline silica that can become airborne during cutting, grinding, or other activities involving silica-containing materials.

Skid resistance

The ability of a surface or coating to resist sliding or skidding, often measured by coefficients of friction or slip resistance tests.

Skid-resistant

Referring to surfaces or coatings that provide enhanced traction or grip to reduce the risk of slipping or falling.

Skid-resistant additive

Particles or aggregates added to coatings, sealers, or paints to improve their skid resistance or anti-slip properties.

Solvent resistance

The ability of a coating or material to withstand exposure to solvents without softening, swelling, or dissolving.

Solvent-based

Referring to coatings, adhesives, or materials that use organic solvents as a carrier or medium for the active ingredients.

Spall

The detachment or breaking away of small fragments or chips from a surface, often caused by impact, freeze-thaw cycles, or other factors.

Spalling repair

The process of repairing or restoring a surface damaged by spalling, often involving patching, resurfacing, or protective coatings.

Spike Roller

A tool with spiked rollers used to remove trapped air bubbles from epoxy coatings or self-leveling compounds.

Squeegee

Used to spread and distribute epoxy coatings evenly.

Stain resistance

The ability of a material or coating to resist staining or discoloration caused by spills, chemicals, or other substances.

Stamped concrete

Decorative concrete that is textured or imprinted with patterns, designs, or textures to resemble natural materials like stone, brick, or wood.

Static dissipative

Referring to materials or surfaces that allow the controlled dissipation of static electricity, reducing the risk of electrostatic discharge.

Static dissipative flooring

Flooring materials or systems designed to minimize the buildup or discharge of static electricity in sensitive environments.

Surface Grinder

A heavy-duty grinding machine used for removing surface imperfections, coatings, or adhesives from cured concrete.

Surface preparation

The process of cleaning, profiling, or treating a surface to remove contaminants, improve adhesion, or create the desired surface condition.

Surface profile

The roughness or texture of a surface, often measured in terms of peak-to-valley height or surface roughness average (SRA).

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Tack coat

A thin layer of adhesive or bitumen applied to a surface to improve the bond between the surface and subsequent layers or materials.

Tack-free time

The time required for a material or adhesive to cure or harden to a state where it is no longer sticky or tacky to the touch.

Tensile bond strength

The measure of the force required to pull apart or separate a bonded joint in a direction perpendicular to the surface.

Tensile strength

The maximum stress or force a material can withstand before breaking or failing under tension.

Texture roller

A specialized roller tool with a textured pattern used to create decorative or textured finishes on fresh concrete or coatings.

Texture sprayer

A spraying device or tool used to apply textured coatings, finishes, or materials onto surfaces to create texture or patterns.

Thin-film coating

A coating or paint that forms a relatively thin, uniform film on a substrate, typically measured in mils or microns.

Thin-set mortar

A cementitious adhesive or mortar used for bonding tiles, stones, or other materials to a substrate.

Traffic-bearing membrane

A membrane or coating designed to withstand the traffic and loads associated with pedestrian or vehicular use.

Trowel

A flat-bladed tool used for spreading and smoothing epoxy or concrete.

Trowelable

Referring to materials or compounds that are suitable for application using a trowel, typically in thicker or paste-like consistency.

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Urethane cement

A high-performance flooring system based on urethane technology, known for its durability, chemical resistance, and thermal shock resistance.

Urethane foam

A type of foam material made from polyurethane, used for insulation, cushioning, or filling voids.

UV resistance

The ability of a material or coating to resist degradation, fading, or damage caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation.

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Vapor barrier

A material or system designed to prevent the transmission of moisture vapor through a structure or substrate.

Viscosity

The measure of a liquid's resistance to flow, often characterized as the thickness or stickiness of the material.

Void

An empty space or cavity within a material or structure, often undesired and requiring filling or repair.

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Waterproofing

The process of making a structure or material impervious to water, preventing its passage or penetration.

Wet film thickness

The thickness of a coating or paint film immediately after application, before it dries or cures.

Wetting agent

An additive or surfactant used to reduce the surface tension of a liquid, enhancing its ability to spread or adhere to a substrate.

Wind load

The force exerted by wind on structures or surfaces, often considered in design and construction to ensure stability and safety.

Workability

The ease and ability of a material, such as concrete or mortar, to be mixed, placed, shaped, or finished.

Wrinkle finish

A textured or wrinkled surface finish created by the deliberate application of coatings or paints with wrinkling properties.

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Yellowing resistance

The ability of a material or coating to resist or minimize the yellowing or discoloration that can occur over time.

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